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Futures are a commitment to buy (a call) or sell (a put) at a set price (the strike price) on a future date An option is similar but is a rig

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

ht rather than an obligation. Both are known by the collective term derivatives, because they derive from something else, such as a share in

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

an individual company.

Because the price is only a fraction of the underlying share price, they are in effect highly geared and very risky

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

. If you think about trying futures or options (or any other form of risky investing), do some experimental dealing (paper trading) first, t

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

see how successful you might be.

Universal stock futures (USFs) widen the availability of futures and options contracts to major US and Eur

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

opean shares as well as UK shares.

Futures

In the case of futures, the cost of failure can be very high, unlimited in the case of a

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

put (selling forward a share you do not have, which you will have to buy to deliver on the relevant date) because there is no limit to how hi

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

h the share price can rise.

Investing in futures is not recommended unless you really know the market in that share.

Options

Option

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

s are less risky because there is no commitment and the most you can lose is the cost of the option. Options can be of two kinds tradition

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

al, where no further action can be taken until the relevant date, and traded, where the option can be bought or sold throughout its life. Dea

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

ings are in units of 1,000 shares.

In addition to individual large company shares, options are available for the FTSE 100 index. Then there

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

are other areas, such as commodities (see above).

Options have an intrinsic value and a time value. The intrinsic value compares the option

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

price with the current share price. The option is 'in the money' when the option price is the lower and 'out of the money' when it is higher

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

than the share price.

The time value depends on the length of time the option has to run till the final exercise date.

Investing in options

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

requires good knowledge of the market and a means of following the prices during the day, as urgent action may be needed.

Options can, howev

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

er, be protective of your investments. if you think the market is going to fall, rather than sell all your shares you can sell options. If th

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

e market falls you make a profit on the options to set off against your share losses. If not then you let them lapse.

Similarly, if you expe

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

t to have money to invest at a later date, or you have to sell shares to raise some urgently needed cash and you think the market is going to

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

rise, you can buy options.

These hedging techniques are protective of your investments, at a price. However, there are alternatives: combin

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

ation strategies such as straddles, where you both buy and sell options at the outset, and other more sophisticated techniques, are available

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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